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What are the oldest archaeological sites in Europe? Often when talking about important sites in human evolution the focus on Africa but there are some extremely ancient sites in Europe and they show some of our oldest, smallest ancestors were capable of leaving Africa.
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What happened to the last Neanderthals? When did they go extinct? How long did we live alongside them? Those are the questions we're trying to answer today based on some interesting new research that just came out. Iberia may just be the most interesting place to study neanderthals!
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Did we ever meet Gigantopithecus, the greatest ape to ever live? The answer is a tad complicated.
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The people of North Sentinel Island are perhaps the most isolated people on earth. But what can we really say about them? In our brief contacts with them can we get an idea about how they live? How long their community has been there? And why they resist contact so determinedly?
0:00 isolation
1:22 the island
5:08 how long have they been there?
10:10 first contact
13:00 how do they live?
15:09 their world view
19:53 genuine fear
22:37 should we contact them?
Sources:
The Sentinelese by Pandit, T. N
The Sentinel Islanders by M. Sasikumar
In The Forest by Vishvajit Pandya
A history of our relations with the Andamanese by Maurice Vidal Portman
https://doi.org/10.3378/027.085.0307
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3621
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-024-03994-3
Satellite footage of Sentinel island provided by SEN
https://www.youtube.com/sen/live
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How far can we get human genetic information? What's the oldest ancient DNA? It's tricky because DNA degrades over time. However, fortunately proteins can bind to minerals in our teeth and provide a wealth of information. This is the science of paleo-proteomics. Join me as I investigate how proteins can store genetic information, what can that tell us about human evolution and who was paranthropus robustus?
The teams paper
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adt9539
Huge thanks to:
Dr. Palesa Madupe, Human Evolution Research Institute (HERI), University of Cape Town & University of Copenhagen.
Dr. Claire Koenig, University of Copenhagen.
Dr. Ioannis Patramanis, University of Copenhagen.
0:00 hello
1:50 who was paranthropus?
7:52 how do proteins help us with ancient DNA?
11:36 challenges
14:17 what did they find?
17:04 why this a big deal
Edited by Michael Laput
Written & Produced by Stefan Milosavljevich
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66 million years ago a giant rock blasted the dinosaurs into the pages of history. However we are alive today, therefore our ancestor survived this event, so who were they? What fossils do we have from this time? What can palaeontology tell us about our evolution? And was a little chap called purgatorius eating flowers?
This video absolutely couldn't have been made without the help of Andrew Schwartz. Huge thanks to him for everything.
0:00 The impact
2:13 why are we primates?
8:24 the first primates (vs arctic crocs)
13:43 the mystery of plesiadapiforms
15:50 the miserable purgatorius
18:07 are we all flower children
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Before writing there was what?? According to our best understanding of archaeology before writing came clay tokens. These simple lumps of dry mud played an incredibly important role in human development. They may be responsible for large numbers, writing, administration, board games and everyone's favourite, powerful bureaucracies.
Massive thanks to Dr. William (Brad) Hafford. Video could not have been made without him. Go check out his channel here @artifactuallyspeaking
Do go check out the Penn Museum if you're interested in Mesopotamia https://www.penn.museum/on-view/galleries-exhibitions/middle-east-galleries
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